Fresh Chromium installation, no adblocking or other content blocking plugins. Zero advertisements and popups on that site. I keep reading these kind of comments on HN and everytime it seems to be only that one person reporting the problem that sees that behavior. Are you sure your network is not compromised?
It's definitely not. Also used 3 different browsers - each one showed the same dialog but with the name and version of that browser. It doesn't happen on my mobile over WiFi (rules out network injection).
The c: -3 is the crucial bit that should cause it to trigger if your version is at least 3 versions out of date.
Yours isn't though. Can you access http://browser-update.org ? If not, then there might be something with your DNS settings. Have you tried tethering through your phone? Have you changed your user agent?
That's interesting. Number of versions is probably a weak signal for this --- but how many browser versions should the dev a small site be looking for?
Things DO break...
Are you sure it's malware? Looking at the code it seems to redirect to "browser-update.org" and is genuinely redirecting only older browsers based on unsupported features.