If you run `npm install` with no arguments, and you have a lockfile, it will make the node_modules folder match the lockfile. Try it.

    $ json dependencies.esm < package.json
    ^3.2.5
    # package.json would allow any esm 3.x >=3.2.5
    
    $ npm ls esm
    tap@12.5.3 /Users/isaacs/dev/js/tap
    └── esm@3.2.5
    # currently have 3.2.5 installed
    
    $ npm view esm version
    3.2.10
    # latest version on the registry is 3.2.10
    
    $ npm install
    audited 590 packages in 1.515s
    found 0 vulnerabilities
    # npm install runs the audit, but updates nothing
    # already matches package-lock.json
    
    $ npm ls esm
    tap@12.5.3 /Users/isaacs/dev/js/tap
    └── esm@3.2.5
    
    # esm is still 3.2.5
    
    $ rm -rf node_modules/esm/
    # remove it from node_modules
    
    $ npm i
    added 1 package from 1 contributor and audited 590 packages in 1.647s
    found 0 vulnerabilities
    # it updated one package this time
    
    $ npm ls esm
    tap@12.5.3 /Users/isaacs/dev/js/tap
    └── esm@3.2.5
    # oh look, matches package-lock.json!  what do you know.

Now, if you do `npm install esm` or some other _explicit choice to pull in a package by name_, then yes, it'll update it, and update the package-lock.json as well. But that's not what we're talking about.

I often don't know what I'm talking about in general, but I do usually know what I'm talking about re npm.